Mobile Phones

309
Teleconferencing is the new communications standard. Find out why.
Latest Teleconferencing News
In the fast-growing industry of telecommunications, teleconferencing has become a staple of the way we do business as well as a way we keep in touch with those who matter to us the most.

It’s no surprise therefore that with the advent of the Internet and with the increasing availability of digital devices, telecommunications and teleconferencing, specifically, has exploded the number of to keep touch, as well as to build rich communications and relationship with people regardless of where they are physically situated.

Just thinking about the technologies tying teleconferencing and telecommunications will boggle even the greatest of minds. What makes these interconnected technologies possible is a complex web of systems consisting of all sorts of technologies, processes, bureaucracies of people and exchanges etc. etc.

There are just so many different inputs into this vast web of technology that makes our lives so much more easier. And yet it’s something that we take for granted every single day.

Teleconferencing has come a long way from simply being a specialized phone feature where you would dial into your host parties extension.

On the contrary, it is actually become a much more mature medium for communication supporting all sorts of data feeds, such as audio, video, and traditional telephone, telegraph radio and television and teletype related services.

As you can probably tell by now teleconferencing is a very complicated (behind the scenes) yet very user-friendly innovation. There is so much to be gained from using this for your business or for your home.

Let’s say you’re on vacation and you want to keep in touch your family from long-distance or if you need to visit your client from a remote site- teleconferencing certainly can bring you closer to the action, as it were.

Learn more about teleconferencing at our site, where you can find the latest teleconferencing technology news and services!

3659
In this article I will explain how the Internet works, all the way from what goes through the wires and how the wires across the globe connect, to how meaningful activities are performed on your computer.

Unlike other Internet articles, I won’t try to explain the history behind the Internet of today ?it’s complex enough, and like me, you probably don’t care very much. I also won’t be confusing you with highly technical explanations.
internet,tcpip,protocol,url,http,ip,address,modem,website,dns,nameserver,ipaddress,webpage,web,ssl
To most people, the Internet is the place to which everyone plugs in their computer and views webpages and sends e-mail. That’s a very human-centric viewpoint, but if we’re to truly understand the Internet, we need to be more exact:

The Internet is THE large global computer network that people connect to by-default, by virtue of the fact that it’s the largest. And, like any computer network, there are conventions that allow it to work.

This is all it is really ?a very big computer network. However, this article will go beyond explaining just the Internet, as it will also explain the ‘World Wide Web’. Most people don’t know the difference between the Internet and Web, but really it’s quite simple: the Internet is a computer network, and the Web is a system of publishing (of websites) for it.

Computer networks

And, what’s a computer network? A computer network is just two or more of computers connected together such that they may send messages between each other. On larger networks computers are connected together in complex arrangements, where some intermediary computers have more than one connection to other computers, such that every computer can reach any other computer in the network via paths through some of those intermediary computers.

Computers aren’t the only things that use networks ?the road and rail networks are very similar to computer networks, just those networks transport people instead of information.
Trains on a rail network operate on a certain kind of track ?such a convention is needed, because otherwise the network could not effectively work. Likewise, roads are designed to suit vehicles that match a kind of pattern ?robust vehicles of a certain size range that travel within a certain reasonable speed range. Computers in a network have conventions too, and we usually call these conventions ‘protocols’.

There are many kinds of popular computer network today. The most conventional by far is the so-called ‘Ethernet’ network that physically connects computers together in homes, schools and offices. However, WiFi is becoming increasingly popular for connecting together devices so that cables aren’t required at all.

Connecting to the Internet

When you connect to the Internet, you’re using networking technology, but things are usually a lot muddier. There’s an apt phrase, “Rome wasn’t built in a day” because neither was the Internet. The only reason the Internet could spring up so quickly and cheaply for people was because another kind of network already existed throughout the world ?the phone network!

The pre-existence of the phone network provided a medium for ordinary computers in ordinary people’s homes to be connected onto the great high-tech military and research network that had been developed in years before. It just required some technological mastery in the form of ‘modems’. Modems allow phone lines to be turned into a mini-network connection between a home and a special company (an ‘ISP’) that already is connected up to the Internet. It’s like a bridge joining up the road networks on an island and the mainland ?the road networks become one, due to a special kind of connection between them.

Fast Internet connections that are done via ‘(A)DSL’ and ‘Cable’ are no different to phone line connections really ?there’s still a joining process of some kind going on behind the scenes. As Arthur C. Clarke once said, ‘any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic’.

The Internet

The really amazing about the Internet isn’t the technology. We’ve actually had big Internet-like computer networks before, and ‘The Internet’ existed long before normal people knew the term. The amazing thing is that such a massive computer network could exist without being built or governed in any kind of seriously organised way. The only organisation that really has a grip on the core computer network of the Internet is a US-government-backed non-profit company called ‘ICANN’, but nobody could claim they ‘controlled’ the Internet, as their mandate and activities are extremely limited.

The Internet is a testament both simultaneously due to the way technologists cooperated and by the way entrepreneurs took up the task, unmanaged, to use the conventions of the technologists to hook up regular people and businesses. The Internet didn’t develop on the Microsoft Windows ‘operating system’ ?Internet technology was built around much older technical operating systems; nevertheless, the technology could be applied to ordinary computers by simply building support for the necessary networking conventions on top of Windows. It was never planned, but good foundations and a lack of bottlenecks (such as controlling bodies) often lead to unforeseen great rises ?like the telephone network before, or even the world-wide spread of human population and society.

What I have described so far is probably not the Internet as you or most would see it. It’s unlikely you see the Internet as a democratic and uniform computer network, and to an extent, it isn’t. The reason for this is that I have only explained the foundations of the system so far, and this foundation operates below the level you’d normally be aware of. On the lowest level you would be aware of, the Internet is actually more like a situation between a getter and a giver ?there’s something you want from the Internet, so you connect up and get it. Even when you send an e-mail, you’re getting the service of e-mail delivery.

Being a computer network, the Internet consists of computers ?however, not all computers on the Internet are created equal. Some computers are there to provide services, and some are there to consume those services. We call the providing computers ‘servers’ and the consuming computers ‘clients’. At the theoretical level, the computers have equal status on the network, but servers are much better connected than clients and are generally put in place by companies providing some kind of commercial service. You don’t pay to view a web site, but somebody pays for the server the website is located on ?usually the owner of the web site pays a ‘web host’ (a commercial company who owns the server).

Making contact

I’ve established how the Internet is a computer network: now I will explain how two computers that could be on other sides of the world can send messages to each other.

Imagine you were writing a letter and needed to send it to someone. If you just wrote a name on the front, it would never arrive, unless perhaps you lived in a small village. A name is rarely specific enough. Therefore, as we all know, we use addresses to contact someone, often using: the name, the house number, the road name, the town name, the county name, and sometimes, the country name. This allows sending of messages on another kind of network ?the postal network. When you send a letter, typically it will be passed between postal sorting offices starting from the sorting office nearest to the origin, then up to increasingly large sorting offices until it’s handled by a sorting office covering regions for both the origin and the destination, then down to increasingly small sorting offices until it’s at the sorting office nearest the destination ?and then it’s delivered.

In our postal situation, there are two key factors at work ?a form of addressing that ‘homes in’ on the destination location, and a form of message delivery that ‘broadens out’ then ‘narrows in’. Computers are more organised, but they actually effectively do exactly the same thing.

Each computer on the Internet is given an address (‘IP address’), and this ‘homes in’ on their location. The ‘homing in’ isn’t done strictly geographically, rather in terms of the connection-relationship between the smaller computer networks within the Internet. For the real world, being a neighbour is geographical, but on a computer network, being a neighbour is having a direct network connection.

Like the postal network with its sorting offices, computer networks usually have connections to a few other computer networks. A computer network will send the message to a larger network (a network that is more likely to recognise at least some part of the address). This process of ‘broadening out’ continues until the message is being handled by a network that is ‘over’ the destination, and then the ‘narrowing in’ process will occur.

An example ‘IP address’ is ’69.60.115.116′. They are just series of digit groups where the digit groups towards the right are increasingly local. Each digit group is a number between 0 and 255. This is just an approximation, but you could think of this address meaning:

• A computer 116
• in a small neighbourhood 115
• in a larger neighbourhood 60
• controlled by an ISP 69
• (on the Internet)

The small neighbourhood, the larger neighbourhood, the ISP, and the Internet, could all be consider computer networks in their own right. Therefore, for a message to the same ‘larger neighbourhood’, the message would be passed up towards one of those intermediary computers in the larger neighbourhood and then back down to the correct smaller neighbourhood, and then to the correct computer.

Getting the message across

Now that we are able to deliver messages the hard part is over. All we need to do is to put stuff in our messages in a certain way such that it makes sense at the other end.

Letters we send in the real world always have stuff in common ?they are written on paper and in a language understood by both sender and receiver. I’ve discussed before how conventions are important for networks to operate, and this important concept remains true for our messages.

All parts of the Internet transfer messages written in things called ‘Packets’, and the layout and contents of those ‘packets’ are done according to the ‘Internet Protocol’ (IP). You don’t need to know these terms, but you do need to know that these simple messages are error prone and simplistic.
You can think of ‘packets’ as the Internet equivalence of a sentence ?for an ongoing conversation, there would be many of them sent in both directions of communication.

Getting the true message across

All those who’ve played ‘Chinese whispers’ will know how messed up (‘corrupted’) messages can get when they are sent between many agents to get from their origin to their destination. Computer networks aren’t as bad as that, but things do go wrong, and it’s necessary to be able to automatically detect and correct problems when they do.

Imagine you’re trying to correct spelling errors in a letter. It’s usually easy to do because there are far fewer words than there are possible word-length combinations of letters. You can see when letter combinations don’t spell out words (‘errors’), and then easily guess what the correct word should have been.

It reely does worke.

Errors in messages on the Internet are corrected in a very similar way. The messages that are sent are simply made longer than they need to be, and the extra space is used to “sum up” the message so to speak ?if the “summing up” doesn’t match the message an error has been found and the message will need to be resent.
In actual fact, it is often possible to logically estimate with reasonable accuracy what was wrong with a message without requiring resending.

Error detection and correction can never be perfect, as the message and “summing up” part could be coincidently messed-up so that they falsely indicate nothing went wrong. The theory is based off storing a big enough “summing up” part so that this unfortunate possibility is so unlikely that it can be safely ignored.

Reliable message transfer on the Internet is done via ‘TCP’. You may have heard the term ‘TCP/IP’: this is just the normal combination of ‘IP’ and ‘TCP’, and is used for almost all Internet communication. IP is fundamental to the Internet, but TCP is not ?there are in fact other ‘protocols’ that may be used that I won’t be covering.

Names, not numbers

When most people think of an ‘Internet Address’ they think of something like ‘www.ocportal.com’ rather than ’69.60.115.116′. People relate to names with greater ease than numbers, so special computers that humans need to access are typically assigned names (‘domain names’) using a system known as ‘DNS’ (the ‘domain name system’).

All Internet communication is still done using IP addresses (recall ’69.60.115.116′ is an IP address). The ‘domain names’ are therefore translated to IP addresses behind the scenes, before the main communication starts.

At the core, the process of looking up a domain name is quite simple ?it’s a process of ‘homing in’ by moving leftwards through the name, following an interrogation path. This is best shown by example ?’www.ocportal.com’ would be looked up as follows:

• Every computer on the Internet knows how to contact the computers (the ‘root’ ‘DNS servers’) responsible for things like ‘com’, ‘org’, ‘net’ and ‘uk’. There are a few such computers and one is contacted at random. The DNS server computer is asked if they know ‘www.ocportal.com’ and will respond saying they know which server computer is responsible for ‘com’.
• The ‘com’ server computer is asked it knows ‘www.ocportal.com’ and will respond saying they know which server computer is responsible for ‘ocportal.com’.
• ‘The ‘ocportal.com’ server computer is asked if it knows ‘www.ocportal.com’ and will respond saying that it knows the corresponding server computer to be ’69.60.115.116′.

Note that there is a difference between a server computer being ‘responsible’ for a domain name and the domain name actually corresponding to that computer. For example, the ‘ocportal.com’ responsible DNS server might not necessarily be the same server as ‘ocportal.com’ itself.

As certain domain names, or parts of domain names, are very commonly used, computers will remember results to avoid doing a full interrogation for every name they need to lookup. In fact, I have simplified the process considerably in my example because the looking-up computer does not actually perform the full search itself. If all computers on the Internet did full searches it would overload the ‘root DNS servers’, as well as the DNS servers responsible for names like ‘com’. Instead, the looking up computer would ask it’s own special ‘local DNS server’, which might remember a result of a partial result, or might solicit help (full, or partial) from it’s own ‘local DNS server’, and so on ?until, in a worst case scenario, the process has to be completed in full.

Domain names are allocated by the person wanting them registering the domain name with an agent (a ‘registrar’) of the organisation responsible for the furthest right-hand part of the domain name. At the time of writing a company named ‘VeriSign’ (of which ‘Network Solutions’ is a subsidiary) is responsible for things like ‘com’ and ‘net’. There are an uncountable number of registrars operating for VeriSign, and most domain purchasers are likely not aware of the chain of responsibility present ?instead, they just get the domains they want from the agent, and deal solely with that agent and their web host (who are often the same company). Domains are never purchased, but rather rented and exclusively renewable for a period a bit longer than the rental period.

Meaningful dialogue

I’ve fully covered the essence of how messages are delivered over the Internet, but so far these messages are completely raw and meaningless. Before meaningful communication can occur we need to layer on yet another protocol (recall IP and TCP protocols are already layered over our physical network).

There are many protocols that work on the communications already established, including:

• HTTP ?for web pages, typically read in web browser software
• POP3 ?for reading e-mail in e-mail software, with it stored on a user’s own computer
• IMAP4 ?for reading e-mail in e-mail software, with it archived on the receiving server
• SMTP ?for sending e-mail from e-mail software
• FTP ?for uploading and downloading files (sometimes via a web browser, although using special FTP software is better)
• ICMP ?for ‘pinging’, amongst other things (a ‘ping’ is the Internet equivalent to shouting out a ‘are you there’)
• MSN Messenger ?this is just one example of many protocols that aren’t really standard and shared conventions, but rather ones designed by a single software manufacturer wholly for the purposes of their own software

I’m not going to go into the details of any of these protocols because it’s not really relevant unless you actually need to know it.

The information transferred via a protocol is usually a request for something, or a response for something requested. For example, with HTTP, a client computer requests a certain web page from a server via HTTP and then the web server, basically, responds with the file embedded within HTTP.

Each of these protocols operates on more or more so-called ‘ports’, and it is these ‘ports’ that allow the computers to know which protocol to use. For example, a web server (special computer software running on a server computer that serves out web pages) uses a port of number ’80′, and hence when the server receives messages on that port it passes them to the web server software which naturally knows that they’ll be written in HTTP.
For a client computer it’s simpler ?it knows that a response to a message it sent will be in the same protocol it initially used. When the messages are sent back and forth the server computer and client computer typically set up a so-called ‘stream’ (a marked conversation) between them. They are then able to associate messages to the stream according to their origin address and port number.

The World Wide Web

I’ve explained how the Internet works, but not yet how the ‘World Wide Web’ (the ‘web’) works. The web is the publishing system that most people don’t realise is distinguishable from the Internet itself.
The Internet uses IP addresses (often found via domain names) to identify resources, but the web has to have something more sophisticated as it would be silly if every single page on the Internet had to have it’s own ‘domain name’. The web uses ‘URLs’ (uniform resource locators), and I’m sure you know about these as nowadays they are printed all over the place in the real world (albeit, usually only in short-hand).

A typical URL looks like this:

<protocol>://<domain-name_OR_ip-address>/<resource_identifier>

For example:

http://www.ocportal.com/index.php

That said that’s not really a full URL, because occasionally URLs can be much more complex. For example:

<protocol>://<user>:<password>@<domain/ip>:<port>/<resource_identifier>

You can ignore the more complex example, because it’s not really relevant for the purposes of this article.

HTTP is the core protocol for the web. This is why URLs usually start ‘http://’. Web browsers almost always also support FTP, which is why some URLs may start ‘ftp://’.

Typically the ‘resource identifier’ is simply a file on the server computer. For example, ‘mywebsite/index.html’ would be a file on the server computer of the same path, stored underneath a special directory. On Windows the “” symbol is used to write out directory names, but as the web wasn’t invented for Windows, the convention of the older operating systems is used.

We now have three kinds of ‘Internet Address’, in order of increasing sophistication:

• IP addresses
• Domain names
• URLs

If a URL were put into web browser software by a prospective reader then the web browser would send out an appropriate request (usually, with the HTTP protocol being appropriate) to the server computer identified by the URL. The server computer would then respond and typically the web browser would end up with a file. The web browser would then interpret the file for display, much like any software running on a computer would interpret the files it understands. For the HTTP protocol, the web browser knows what to interpret the file as because the HTTP protocol uses something called a ‘MIME type’ to identify each kind of resource the server can send out. If the web server computer is just sending out an on-disk file then the web server computer works out the MIME type from the file extension (such as ‘.html’) of the file.

An ‘HTML’ file is the kind of file that defines a web page. It’s written in plain text, and basically mixes information showing show to display a document along with the document itself. If you’re curious, try using the “View page source” function of your web browser when viewing a web page, and you’ll see a mix of portions of normal human text and short text between ‘<’ and ‘>’ symbols. The former is the document contents and the latter are the display instructions.
In newer versions of HTML there’s a split between ‘structuring’ a document and ‘displaying’ a structure ?in this case, another special technology named ‘CSS’ is added to the mix.

I’ve explained how typical web pages are just files on the disk of a server computer. Increasingly, things are slightly less direct. When you visit something like eBay, your web-mail, or an ocPortal-powered website, you aren’t just reading files. You’re actually interacting with computer software, and the web pages you receive are generated anew by that software every time a request is made. These kinds of systems are known as ‘web applications’ and are increasingly replacing the need to install software on your own computer (because it’s so much easier just to use a web browser to access a web application on a server computer).

612
When it comes to business, any new technology will ultimately be judged on how well it contributes to improving productivity and profit. If you are selling goods or services, online web conferencing can improve your bottom line by boosting sales and lowering costs. Here are five reasons why this is so:

1. It allows you to meet with more prospective clients

If you have to physically travel to a client’s office or location, there is only so much that you can do within any…
video conferencing, web conferencing, video conferencing software, web conferencing software
When it comes to business, any new technology will ultimately be judged on how well it contributes to improving productivity and profit. If you are selling goods or services, online web conferencing can improve your bottom line by boosting sales and lowering costs. Here are five reasons why this is so:

1. It allows you to meet with more prospective clients

If you have to physically travel to a client’s office or location, there is only so much that you can do within any given period. Let’s face it, travel is exhausting and expensive not only in terms of the direct costs that you make when you travel, but also in the way that your productivity is affected every time you have to pack up and leave your office.

You can meet with more clients online than you could ever do by trying to visit them all physically. Web conferencing is one of the best ways to get this work done.

2. Online Conferencing allows your prospects to put a face with the voice over the phone

A lot of selling is done on the telephone, and some people are very effective with a simple telephone. If you are able to sell on the phone, think of what you could achieve if your prospects and clients could see you by simply opening their browser and entering a few mouse clicks and keystrokes! People prefer to deal with people, rather than faceless voices. Video conferencing allows you to project your warmth and sincerity and will enhance whatever selling skills you already possess.

3. Conferencing allows you to get together with more decision makers

Many purchasing decisions require the input of more than one person, and web conferencing allows you to get all the decision makers together in one meeting. For example, suppose John in New York wants you to also meet with Lisa in London, you can do so very easily. Instead of trying to arrange a face-to-face meeting, you simply have to get all parties together in a web meeting.

Easily arranged online conferencing means that you will be able to shorten the time necessary to close complex transactions involving the input of several parties.

4. Online conferencing enables you to sell more “add-on?products to your existing clients by giving you the ability to be in a meeting with them at any time and within minutes.

The more time you spend with any prospect, the more opportunity you have to build your rapport and to explain in detail what you have to offer. Someone who contacts you for a simple service, upon getting to know you well online, will probably go on to purchase your other offerings. If that prospect is limited to a short phone call, the chances of selling them something else is far less than it is with them seeing you.

5. Web conferencing allows you to offer better after-sales service

Customers are not only interested in what you are selling today, but on what kind of service you will be able to offer them tomorrow. Web conferencing opens up great service opportunities. For example, your technicians can “visit?your clients online. Some conferencing applications even allow a person in one office to remotely “take over?and operate a computer in another office.

When your prospective clients and customers understand that you have the capacity to remain in touch with them and help them online, they will have one more reason to want to buy from you.

Once you try your hand at it, you will probably be able to add a few more points to this list by devising new ways to improve sales with online web and video conferencing.

840
These days it seems business is becoming more and more complex and globalized. We are doing business with people everywhere in the US and in many instances, people in other countries. Due to the wide use of the Internet, the words “foreign country?doesn’t even seem to apply anymore.

The Internet has brought us all closer together in one aspect, but how does that affect investor relations, sales pitches, meetings, and group sessions? A lot of people now work closer with t…
Conference Call Center, Conference Call, Conference Call Services, discount conference calls
These days it seems business is becoming more and more complex and globalized. We are doing business with people everywhere in the US and in many instances, people in other countries. Due to the wide use of the Internet, the words “foreign country?doesn’t even seem to apply anymore.

The Internet has brought us all closer together in one aspect, but how does that affect investor relations, sales pitches, meetings, and group sessions? A lot of people now work closer with their computers than they do with co-workers and because of the Internet, many companies have people working for them from different parts of the world who have never even met each other.

Never before has conference calling been a more popular solution to the communication needs of companies and individuals all over the world. Conference calls are becoming increasingly popular as a method of bringing people together for meetings and discussions.

In this article, I will do my best to explain the advantages of conference calling for your business communication needs. Whether you are talking about meetings with investors, conference calls with your employees, making your sales presentation to groups, or simply needing several people in on the same discussion, conference calling is the most useful tool there is.

Chat rooms and message boards just don’t cut it. Message boards are impersonal, not real-time, and tend to get filled with useless information that isn’t directly related to your topic. Chat rooms are just that, chatty. You type in messages in real-time so it is better than a message board, but it again lacks the personal touches and insights conference calling provides.

Voice inflection, as many of you know is a great way to tell how someone feels about what you are saying. Simple typed messages do not give you that same advantage. When we hear our counterparts speak, we can tell how enthusiastic, positive, negative, or apathetic they are about what you say.

Conference calling is relational, while message boards and chat rooms are merely informational. That is the great difference in those options. You don’t make sales through information alone. You make sales by creating relationships.

You don’t encourage or motivate your employees or partners through information alone, you do it by creating relationships. You don’t instill confidence to your investors through providing just information, you do it by letting them hear how enthusiastic and positive you are about your proposal.

Only conference calling can provide the relationship solution when working with people who are too far away to physically attend meetings.

A simple search on your favorite search engine or just following the links in the footer of this article can provide you with many options for your specific conference calling needs.

What are some of the things that separate good conference calling services and bad ones? That is the question I get asked the most when discussing this topic. Here are some of the features you should look for;

High sound quality; The last thing you want to do is try to hold an important meeting through static, interrupted service, and low quality sound. The sound quality of your conference calls is far more important than the price or other features. If they cannot hear you speak clearly and you cannot hear them clearly, what is the use of a conference call at all?

Operators: While an operator assisted call is not necessary, having someone from your conference call service provider greeting each person as they are connected is a valuable service. They can tell the participants what to expect better than your own staff can, since they are familiar with the conference call software and service. In addition to that, the operator can and should monitor the entire call to make sure the sound quality maintains a high level of clarity. They will know what to do to fix it if a problem arises.

Recordings and Copies: If your conference call provider has the ability to record and provide playback of your conference call sessions, then you will want to take advantage of that feature. Some conference call providers can even provide it to you on CD afterwards. This is enormously helpful for you to be able to review your conference call sessions later. It may also serve as a record of agreements made during the conference call session.

Price: Last, but certainly not least, you have to consider price. You may be able to choose a conference call provider that gives you all of the features I mentioned above and more, or you may be on a tight budget and have to settle for less service. Whichever conference call service you use, do not sacrifice sound quality for price. That is the one feature you cannot afford to do without, no matter what the cost.

I hope this article on conference calling has been helpful to you. It was my goal to share with you what features I consider the most helpful to me in my business meetings.

609
In the technological world we live in today we are all interconnected through millions of cables whether they can be seen or not. What we will be looking into today is the intercal design and purpose of two special cables called Category 5 cable and category 6 cable.
Category cable 5, Category cable 5e
In the technological world we live in today we are all interconnected through millions of cables whether they can be seen or not. What we will be looking into today is the intercal design and purpose of two special cables called Category 5 cable and category 6 cable. Category 5 cable, commonly known as Cat 5, is a twisted pair cable type designed for high signal integrity. Many such cables are unshielded but some are shielded. Category 5 has been superseded by the Category 5e specification. This type of cable is often used in structured cabling for computer networks such as Ethernet, and is also used to carry many other signals such as basic voice services, token ring, and ATM (at up to 155 Mbit/s, over short distances).
Organizations such as the Telecommunication Industry Association (TIA) and Electronic Industries Association (EIA) set specific product standards, and these guidelines have resulted in cables being classified into various categories based on their performance levels. Just in case you’re not too familiar with cabling terminology here are a few straightforward definitions and statistics on these three common grades of network cable:

Cat 5: Out of the three types of cable we’ll be discussing, Category 5 is the most basic. Cat 5 cable is available in two varieties: Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP), the type widely used in the United States, and Screened Twisted Pair (SCTP), which has shielding to provide a measure of extra protection against interference, but is rarely used outside of Europe. Cables belonging to Category 5 are either solid or stranded: Solid Cat 5 is more rigid, and the better choice if data needs to be transmitted over a long distance, while Stranded Cat 5 is very flexible and most likely to be used as patch cable. Cat 5 cable can support 10 or 100 Mbps Ethernet, and has a capability of up to 100MHz., to help you better choose the right one to fit your needs.

Cat 5e: Cat 5e (which stands for Category 5, enhanced) cable goes along the same lines as basic Cat 5, except that it fulfills higher standards of data transmission. While Cat 5 is common in existing cabling systems, Category 5e has almost entirely replaced it in new installations. Cat 5e can handle data transfer at 1000 Mbps, is suitable for Gigabit Ethernet, and experiences much lower levels of near-end crosstalk (NEXT) than Cat 5.
Both CAT-5 and CAT-5e have 100 ohm impedance and electrical characteristics supporting transmissions up to 100 MHz. The differences between CAT-5 and CAT-5e show in all aspects of performance: capacitance, frequency, resistance, attenuation, and NEXT. CAT-5e components were designed with high-speed gigabit Ethernet in mind. While CAT-5 components may function to some degree in a gigabit Ethernet, they perform below standard during high-data transfer scenarios. CAT-5e cables work with ATM and gigabit speed products. Simply, if you are using a 100Mbps switch, get CAT-5e cable instead of CAT-5.

Common Questions:

Is CAT-5e backwards compatible?
Yes it works with any 10BaseT or 100BaseT network cards and hubs.
CAT-5 is also upwardly compatible with CAT-5e, however your network throughput will only be as fast as the slowest part.

Can I run CAT-5e Ethernet cable outside?
CAT-5e cable is not rated for outdoor use; however it can generally be used without a problem. If possible, run the cable through some kind of conduit to prevent moisture or an attractive site for lightning to strike. You should be able to find gray PVC conduit suitable for cable at any hardware store. Remember, 100 Meters is your max distance, without some kind of hub, bridge or amplification.

What is the operating temp for CAT-5e cable?
Operating Temp for CAT-5e cable: -10C to 60C

396
The popularity of the Iphone means that you can download themes for it from many different sites-and also you can even download Iphone themes for other kinds of cellphones, and even websites if you are a wordpress user.
download free iphone theme, iphone themes for free
The popularity of the Iphone means that you can download themes for it from many different sites-and also you can even download Iphone themes for other kinds of cellphones, and even websites if you are a wordpress user.

Your Iphone is one of the most advanced media devices the world has yet seen, with the ability to watch movies, listen to music, surf the web and of course make phone calls, it seems like Apple‘s research and design department put in some overtime on this one.

Even if you aren’t an Apple or iPod fan, the Iphone is very hard not to like. Why wouldn’t anyone want to have their entire music collection and full internet access on their cellphone? Sadly though, stocks of the Iphone are low due to the sheer popularity of it, so it means many of us will have to wait a while before we can own one. All is not lost though, as you are still able to download Iphone themes for your average Nokia and Motorola phones.

If you are lucky enough to obtain an Iphone, you can download something known as a “hack toolkit?which allows you to get into the firmware etc of the Iphone, and change it’s theme around etc. You’ll find that the themes are available at many different places around the net.

When you are looking for places to download themes from, the biggest problem is finding a site you can trust. While it can be dangerous to your computer and your Iphone, due to the nature of the files downloading a theme is generally much safer than downloading a new game or movie etc, especially if you are using a shady P2P site, as P2P sites are known for their lack of safety for users.

Having said that, it’s very important to be careful and keep your antivirus updated, as shady hackers and users of torrent sites can use fake downloads as a way to make you download trojan software or other things that will open the backdoor of your computer system. This can cause endless problems, it can even ill your computer so it’s really worth making sure your antivirus software can keep you safe.

If you are smart and use your common sense about what you download and where you download it from, downloading Iphone themes can safe and fun.

499
Unless you have spent part of the past few years in a cave or under a rock, you have heard of the Blackberry. However, and with that said, even though you may have heard of the Blackberry, you may now know exactly what a Blackberry is in essence. Therefore, this article has been prepared to provide you with some basic information about the Blackberry.

In basic terms, a Blackberry is a line of mobile communication devices that allow you to undertake a number of different ta…
blackberry,blackberries,pda,hand held pda,handheld pda,rim,nextel blackberry
Unless you have spent part of the past few years in a cave or under a rock, you have heard of the Blackberry. However, and with that said, even though you may have heard of the Blackberry, you may now know exactly what a Blackberry is in essence. Therefore, this article has been prepared to provide you with some basic information about the Blackberry.

In basic terms, a Blackberry is a line of mobile communication devices that allow you to undertake a number of different tasks through the use of the Blackberry itself. For example, a Blackberry is designed to allow you to read and respond to email. On top of reviewing, reading and sending email, there are many other functions that can be performed with a Blackberry. Indeed, on so many levels, the Blackberry truly is an all purpose piece of personal communications equipment.

In promoting the Blackberry, its manufacturer has described the Blackberry as a “complete package?that includes airtime, software and a mobile communication element that allows you to undertake a wide variety of tasks — from the palm of your own hand. Presently, the Blackberry widely is available in the United States, Canada and United Kingdom. Present plans are in place for the Blackberry to be introduced in other countries the world over in the very immediate future.

Technically speaking, the Blackberry in the United States and Canada relies on either the narrowband PCS 800 Mhz DataTAC network or the narrowband OCS 900 Mhz Mobitex network for its functionality. In the United Kingdom, the Blackberry operates on the the GPRS network.

Many who have taken to the Blackberry have sung its praises because it is easy to use. It has a very user friendly interface and an easy to manipulate keyboard (unlike many similar products that have tragically difficult keyboards). With few exceptions, a person who tries a Blackberry ends up very fond of the Blackberry. Oftentimes a person who has a Blackberry can be found to remark that he or she cannot imagine getting by without a Blackberry.

If you are interested in owning a Blackberry, you should spend some time shopping around in both the brick and mortar world and on the Internet and World Wide Web. In this day and age, there is a wide array of different retailers that offer Blackberry products for sale both in the real world and in cyberspace. By taking the time to shop around, you may even be able to find a Blackberry at a discounted price.

On the Net, there are retailers that cater specifically to the selling of Blackberry products. In addition, any number of auction and overstock sites may be found to have Blackberry products in their inventories.

In the brick and mortar world, a Blackberry can be found at any number of consumer electronic stores — large and small. By paying attention to sales and specials, you may even have the chance to obtain a Blackberry at a discounted price in the brick and mortar world.

354
Owned by EchoStar Communications Corporation, the Dish network was launched in March, 1996. Dish network is the fastest-growing digital satellite television service provider in the United States, with a subscriber base of 12 million. They provide various types programming packages, delivering 250 channels with free equipment and installation parts.

Dish network offers 110 foreign-language channels covering 25 different languages, thus connecting people. The best part of a…
Dish Network
Owned by EchoStar Communications Corporation, the Dish network was launched in March, 1996. Dish network is the fastest-growing digital satellite television service provider in the United States, with a subscriber base of 12 million. They provide various types programming packages, delivering 250 channels with free equipment and installation parts.

Dish network offers 110 foreign-language channels covering 25 different languages, thus connecting people. The best part of a Dish network is its interactive channel. There are over 22 virtual interactive channels that allow viewers at home to shop, play games, and much more. Dish network service allows viewers to restrict inappropriate channels by removing it from the list.

Dish network has a 24 hour customer service, as they care a lot about their customer relationships. Almost all the dish network dealers offer life time warranty for the basic satellite equipments and require no maintenance. A minimal monthly subscription cost is required for enjoying 24 hours a day entertainment. There are special names assigned to the Dish network packages depending on the number of channels that a subscriber can view. Some of the names of the packages are America’s Top 60, America’s Top 120, America’s Top 180, and more.

Some of the channels that you can view with the help of a Dish network are Animal Planet, BBC America, Bravo, Cinemax, CNN, Comedy Central, CNBC, The Discovery Channel, Disney Channel, ESPN, The Fox Channels, HBO, Hallmark, Sci-Fi Channel, Soapnet, Style, Toon Disney, TV Guide Channel, and much more. You can also view some local channels with the help of a free second dish.

Dish network provides satellite transmitted, high quality audio and video data to various places all over the United States. Almost all the dealers of Dish network provide free DVR and HD receivers. Dish network, catering 24 hours to customer needs, was ranked No. 1 in customer satisfaction by J.D Power and Associates Cable/Satellite TV Customer Satisfaction Study. Dish network was also ranked No. 1 in customer satisfaction by University of Michigan Business School. Dish network offers 100% digital picture, with theatre quality sound and highly acclaimed customer service. It is economical and provides you with the latest equipments like the DVR and HD.

112
These instruction will assist you in converting the C: partition from FAT32 to NTFS. If you wish to convert another partition instead, just use that drive letter instead of C: while following these instructions.
FAT32, NTFS
These instruction will assist you in converting the C: partition from FAT32 to NTFS. If you wish to convert another partition instead, just use that drive letter instead of C: while following these instructions.
1. First, back up your data. The conversion process almost always works flawlessly, but there is no point in taking the risk.
2. Click the button.
3. Click .
4. Enter “cmd” into the text field labeled “Open”.
5. Click the button.
6. Enter the command “vol c:” to find the volume label for the C: partition.
7. Enter the command “convert c: /fs:ntfs” to convert the C: partition from FAT32 to NTFS.
8. When prompted, enter the volume label for the partition.

327
So I don’t know if I was the only person who didn’t know this, but it is more expensive to call a cell phone internationally than it is to call a landline.
Cell Phone Calling Card
So I don’t know if I was the only person who didn’t know this, but it is more expensive to call a cell phone internationally than it is to call a landline. This applies even if you are calling from a landline and not from a cell phone. I found this out from a friend of mine, and suddenly felt very bad about the fact hat I only had a cell phone number in Venezuela for my friends and family to call. Now of course it is more expensive to call internationally from a cell phone but I expected that, however I did not realize it was more expensive to call to a cell phone.

Well the not having a landline thing I can’t do much about, but the price of calling me I can assist with. There are apparently now calling cards that are made specifically for cell phones. My mom sometimes needs to call me during the day when she is not home. This of course results in a long string of text messages as it is exorbitantly expensive to call internationally from your cell phone. However I have found cell phone calling cards. These are of course more expensive than landline calling cards but still cheaper than calling from a cell phone.

I of course found this information on the internet, like I find all the information I want. This service is just like a calling card in the fact that it is prepaid. However it adds on to your normal cell phone service in that you do not have to actually have the card on hand each time you want to make a call, You simply have to call the access number and it recognizes your cell phone calling card. From there you can call anywhere in the world at up to a 75% savings form your normal fee. Oh the wonders of the things you can find on the internet.